Pertussis (Whooping Cough)

To report a confirmed or suspect case of pertussis, complete the Reportable Disease Fax Form or call the reporting line: 360-385-9400 during business hours, (360) 385-9400 and select option 3 after hours, or fax a form to (360) 385-3878.

Pertussis is common and very contagious. It is caused by Bordetella pertussis. The bacteria infect cilia in the upper respiratory tract. Early symptoms are like a mild cold. Patients often experience violent coughing fits (paroxysms). These can be followed by high-pitched gasps (“whoop” sound) as the patient tries to inhale. Coughing fits can lead to gagging, vomiting, loss of consciousness, incontinence and broken ribs.

Babies are at high risk for severe complications. Most pertussis deaths occur in babies under 2 months old. Babies with pertussis do not always cough. They may experience apnea, poor feeding and failure to thrive. Severe complications include pneumonia and convulsions.

Pertussis epidemics occur every few years. In 2012, Washington had almost 5,000 reported cases.

Vaccination is the best way to prevent pertussis. Immunity wanes over time, but is highly effective in infants and young children. Maternal immunization at 27 to 36 weeks gestation has been shown effective in preventing pertussis in the first weeks of life.